PhytophthoraV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000C34

Gene Expression and Silencing Studies in Phytophthora infestans Reveal Infection-Specific Nutrient Transporters and a Role for the Nitrate Reductase Pathway in Plant Pathogenesis.

Identifieur interne : 000C34 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000C33; suivant : 000C35

Gene Expression and Silencing Studies in Phytophthora infestans Reveal Infection-Specific Nutrient Transporters and a Role for the Nitrate Reductase Pathway in Plant Pathogenesis.

Auteurs : Melania Abrahamian [États-Unis] ; Audrey M V. Ah-Fong [États-Unis] ; Carol Davis [États-Unis] ; Kalina Andreeva [États-Unis] ; Howard S. Judelson [États-Unis]

Source :

PLoS pathogens [ 1553-7374 ] ; 2016.

RBID : pubmed:27936244

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Interactions hôte-pathogène (physiologie), Lycopersicon esculentum (microbiologie), Maladies des plantes (microbiologie), Maladies des plantes (parasitologie), Nitrate reductase (métabolisme), Phytophthora infestans (métabolisme), Protéines de transport membranaire (métabolisme), Solanum tuberosum (microbiologie), Techniques de knock-down de gènes (MeSH), Transcriptome (MeSH).
MESH :
- microbiologie : Lycopersicon esculentum, Maladies des plantes, Solanum tuberosum.
- métabolisme : Nitrate reductase, Phytophthora infestans, Protéines de transport membranaire.
- parasitologie : Maladies des plantes.
- physiologie : Interactions hôte-pathogène.
- Techniques de knock-down de gènes, Transcriptome.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Gene Knockdown Techniques (MeSH), Host-Pathogen Interactions (physiology), Lycopersicon esculentum (microbiology), Membrane Transport Proteins (metabolism), Nitrate Reductase (metabolism), Phytophthora infestans (metabolism), Plant Diseases (microbiology), Plant Diseases (parasitology), Solanum tuberosum (microbiology), Transcriptome (MeSH).
MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Membrane Transport Proteins, Nitrate Reductase.
- metabolism : Phytophthora infestans.
- microbiology : Lycopersicon esculentum, Plant Diseases, Solanum tuberosum.
- parasitology : Plant Diseases.
- physiology : Host-Pathogen Interactions.
- Gene Knockdown Techniques, Transcriptome.

Abstract

To help learn how phytopathogens feed from their hosts, genes for nutrient transporters from the hemibiotrophic potato and tomato pest Phytophthora infestans were annotated. This identified 453 genes from 19 families. Comparisons with a necrotrophic oomycete, Pythium ultimum var. ultimum, and a hemibiotrophic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, revealed diversity in the size of some families although a similar fraction of genes encoded transporters. RNA-seq of infected potato tubers, tomato leaves, and several artificial media revealed that 56 and 207 transporters from P. infestans were significantly up- or down-regulated, respectively, during early infection timepoints of leaves or tubers versus media. About 17 were up-regulated >4-fold in both leaves and tubers compared to media and expressed primarily in the biotrophic stage. The transcription pattern of many genes was host-organ specific. For example, the mRNA level of a nitrate transporter (NRT) was about 100-fold higher during mid-infection in leaves, which are nitrate-rich, than in tubers and three types of artificial media, which are nitrate-poor. The NRT gene is physically linked with genes encoding nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR), which mobilize nitrate into ammonium and amino acids. All three genes were coregulated. For example, the three genes were expressed primarily at mid-stage infection timepoints in both potato and tomato leaves, but showed little expression in potato tubers. Transformants down-regulated for all three genes were generated by DNA-directed RNAi, with silencing spreading from the NR target to the flanking NRT and NiR genes. The silenced strains were nonpathogenic on leaves but colonized tubers. We propose that the nitrate assimilation genes play roles both in obtaining nitrogen for amino acid biosynthesis and protecting P. infestans from natural or fertilization-induced nitrate and nitrite toxicity.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006097
PubMed: 27936244
PubMed Central: PMC5176271

Affiliations:

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Le document en format XML

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<term>Membrane Transport Proteins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Nitrate Reductase (metabolism)</term>
<term>Phytophthora infestans (metabolism)</term>
<term>Plant Diseases (microbiology)</term>
<term>Plant Diseases (parasitology)</term>
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<term>Maladies des plantes (parasitologie)</term>
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<term>Phytophthora infestans (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Protéines de transport membranaire (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Solanum tuberosum (microbiologie)</term>
<term>Techniques de knock-down de gènes (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Nitrate Reductase</term>
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<term>Phytophthora infestans</term>
<term>Protéines de transport membranaire</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">To help learn how phytopathogens feed from their hosts, genes for nutrient transporters from the hemibiotrophic potato and tomato pest Phytophthora infestans were annotated. This identified 453 genes from 19 families. Comparisons with a necrotrophic oomycete, Pythium ultimum var. ultimum, and a hemibiotrophic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, revealed diversity in the size of some families although a similar fraction of genes encoded transporters. RNA-seq of infected potato tubers, tomato leaves, and several artificial media revealed that 56 and 207 transporters from P. infestans were significantly up- or down-regulated, respectively, during early infection timepoints of leaves or tubers versus media. About 17 were up-regulated >4-fold in both leaves and tubers compared to media and expressed primarily in the biotrophic stage. The transcription pattern of many genes was host-organ specific. For example, the mRNA level of a nitrate transporter (NRT) was about 100-fold higher during mid-infection in leaves, which are nitrate-rich, than in tubers and three types of artificial media, which are nitrate-poor. The NRT gene is physically linked with genes encoding nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR), which mobilize nitrate into ammonium and amino acids. All three genes were coregulated. For example, the three genes were expressed primarily at mid-stage infection timepoints in both potato and tomato leaves, but showed little expression in potato tubers. Transformants down-regulated for all three genes were generated by DNA-directed RNAi, with silencing spreading from the NR target to the flanking NRT and NiR genes. The silenced strains were nonpathogenic on leaves but colonized tubers. We propose that the nitrate assimilation genes play roles both in obtaining nitrogen for amino acid biosynthesis and protecting P. infestans from natural or fertilization-induced nitrate and nitrite toxicity.</div>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>To help learn how phytopathogens feed from their hosts, genes for nutrient transporters from the hemibiotrophic potato and tomato pest Phytophthora infestans were annotated. This identified 453 genes from 19 families. Comparisons with a necrotrophic oomycete, Pythium ultimum var. ultimum, and a hemibiotrophic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, revealed diversity in the size of some families although a similar fraction of genes encoded transporters. RNA-seq of infected potato tubers, tomato leaves, and several artificial media revealed that 56 and 207 transporters from P. infestans were significantly up- or down-regulated, respectively, during early infection timepoints of leaves or tubers versus media. About 17 were up-regulated >4-fold in both leaves and tubers compared to media and expressed primarily in the biotrophic stage. The transcription pattern of many genes was host-organ specific. For example, the mRNA level of a nitrate transporter (NRT) was about 100-fold higher during mid-infection in leaves, which are nitrate-rich, than in tubers and three types of artificial media, which are nitrate-poor. The NRT gene is physically linked with genes encoding nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR), which mobilize nitrate into ammonium and amino acids. All three genes were coregulated. For example, the three genes were expressed primarily at mid-stage infection timepoints in both potato and tomato leaves, but showed little expression in potato tubers. Transformants down-regulated for all three genes were generated by DNA-directed RNAi, with silencing spreading from the NR target to the flanking NRT and NiR genes. The silenced strains were nonpathogenic on leaves but colonized tubers. We propose that the nitrate assimilation genes play roles both in obtaining nitrogen for amino acid biosynthesis and protecting P. infestans from natural or fertilization-induced nitrate and nitrite toxicity.</AbstractText>
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<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America.</Affiliation>
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<ForeName>Audrey M V</ForeName>
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Gene Expression and Silencing Studies in Phytophthora infestans Reveal Infection-Specific Nutrient Transporters and a Role for the Nitrate Reductase Pathway in Plant Pathogenesis.

Gene Expression and Silencing Studies in Phytophthora infestans Reveal Infection-Specific Nutrient Transporters and a Role for the Nitrate Reductase Pathway in Plant Pathogenesis.

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